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“Parallelia”
calefaciens Walker
comb. & stat. rev.
Naxia
calefaciens Walker,
1858, List
Specimens lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus., 14: 1405.
Parallelia
mediifascia Wileman & South, 1920: Entomologist,
53: 273, syn.
n.
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“Parallelia”
calefaciens
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Diagnosis.
The forewing colour and facies is similar to that seen in Bornean
representatives of the next genus, except the central straight fascia between it
and the postmedial is more strongly defined, and usually has a paler zone
grading away basad rather than one distad. There is also a diagnostic but small
pale dot in the cell basal to the straight line.
Taxonomic
note. Dissection of further males amongst the rigidistria
complex
discussed by Holloway & Miller (2003) has revealed presence of a double
corema to the valve rather than the single one interpreted in old slides. With
the bilateral symmetry of the genitalia, this would indicate relationship to Bastilla,
but the female lacks an antevaginal plate. This dissection has also indicated
that rigidistria
Guenée
is restricted to the Indian Peninsula and Sri Lanka and has the valve costal
process bifurcated into two long, slender, curved processes that, with the
similar curvature between their bases, almost form a circle. The more dorsal one
may have a small lateral spine. The concept of calefaciens
presented
here is that of the Doubleday (?Silhet) syntype, a male (slide 18381); the Sri
Lankan syntype has not been located. The complex is represented further east by correctata
Walker
stat.
rev. (=
crenulata
Bethune-Baker,
syn.
n.)
where the valve process has a more distal, right-angled bifurcation. This
species is known from the N. Moluccas to the Bismarcks and probably the Solomons
(not dissected). The type material is female, but Mysol, the type locality, is
adjacent to New Guinea, between it and the northern Moluccas. A further species
with much paler forewings, “P”. lilacea Bethune-Baker,
is found in New Guinea.
Geographic
range. N.E. Himalaya, Thailand, Sundaland, Philippines to Seram.
Habitat
preference. The species is frequent in mostly forested localities from the
coast to 1930m.
Biology.
The adult has been noted as a fruit piercer in Thailand (Bänziger, 1982; Kuroko
& Lewvanich, 1993).
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